Automobile roads (cart ruts) of the Neogene time in Central Turkey

Remains of disappeared civilizations

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Dear Readers,

In order to avoid all the odd questions while reading this article, I have to admit, that the presented here vehicle tracks in the Neogenic sediments did not catch me by surprise. That is why I had little to no desire to waste any time on pointless proving that these are vehicle tracks, and not, let’s say, a result of exhausting work by Phrygians, carving them out several kilometers away with just stone hammers or bronze chisels. Long time ago did I mention in my articles, that there is a highly developed underwater-underground-terrestrial complex on the surface of Earth, and that in Neogene there were presence of highly-developed civilizations, numerous countries, and large cities; I also mentioned, that there were at least 7 world nuclear wars and catastrophes in the Neogenic period, that destroyed these previous worlds. The discovery of these petrified vehicle tracks (or cart ruts to some) serves as just another evidence of this. Even a passing glance makes it obvious, that these traces belong to automobiles. However, even an entire dissertation confirming that will not persuade the inveterate skeptics, who are convinced (and teach their students that way) that the mankind evolved from apes about 2 million years ago.

There are still multiple places remaining on Earth, where it is impossible to cover the existence of ancient and highly-developed civilizations

Numerous stories tell us about some secret forces that, without announcing their existence, are collecting pieces of all the findings, which indicate the presence of highly-developed civilizations in the prehistoric times. There is a large number of those encounters, most notably, the sarcophagus of the blond beauty (Devonian period), human skeletons from Carboniferous and Palaeogenic sediments, iron hammer, found in the calcareous nodules (Cretaceous period) and many-many others. According to the data, circulating around the Web and during the multiple non-academic meetings and forums, many such discoveries are being hidden in the top-secret repositories of the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, DC), in Vatican, somewhere in China…

In case of inability to remove (human footprints in Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments, car tire print in the Carboniferous sandstones, bones of the giants), then the places, where the discovery was made, are usually being ploughed up, blown up, flooded (e.g. mines), allocated as construction sites or (best case scenario) fenced with barbed wire. In combination with that, „witch hunt“ is initiated in the spheres of science and education. Systems of scientific Citations, committees on pseudoscience, even plain blackmail and threats that the publication of such materials will not allow that author to teach in the university, to work in the academic institution or to defend the dissertation – all of these are most probably created with the sole purpose of eradication the dissidence in the scientific circles and the students.

But despite the monumental efforts and billions of dollars spent by those secret forces,

1) Many scientists (among them academicians of RAS, doctors and masters of sciences) are taking very seriously the facts of existence of highly developed civilizations in Cenozoic, Mesozoic or even Paleozoic eras. This is also confirmed by my own reports and those of my colleagues in the Scientist Club, during the scientific councils in universities and academic institutions, and on the meetings for applied physicists, geologists, paleontologists, biologists, ecologists, historians, philosophers, sociologists;

2) There are still a huge number of places on Earth, where it is impossible to cover the traces of existence of highly developed civilizations in the remote past.

One of such places is the Phrygian valley in Central Turkey

One of these places is the distribution area of vehicle tracks in the Neogenic (Miocene) sediments in the Phrygian valley in Central Turkey (and here). Purely accidently did we find them in large numbers, while studying the megalithic and underground constructions of Phrygian valley in May, 2014.

It is difficult to reach that area. It is not registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List and it is not the primary tourist attraction in Turkey. Despite the fact that many located here megalithic constructions (the so called “city” and monument of Midas, rock tomb at Chukurka, bas-relief Aslankaya, rock necropolis Ayazini and others) are known worldwide and serve as the emblems of various Turkish cities and villages. There are no large settlements in the investigated area of the Phrygian valley, included into the Eastern outskirts of Central Anatolia. Basically, it consists of several small villages with a population of couple of hundred people and many abandoned homes. There are no hotels there, no buses are going there, and you can only reach that region by car.

Knowing that, our research team of myself, A. Zhicharev, A. Kusnetsov, and A. Lagutkina ordered a car in advance and hired it in the airport of Ankara. We stayed at a hotel in the village Gazligol – the only settlement of that region, where due to the hot springs there are quite a lot of hotels – from luxury apartments up to extremely economic places where you could stay for couple of dollars a day. Gazligol is located roughly half way from the city Afyon to the village Yazilikaya, where the most famous objects of Phrygian valley are situated – the “city” and monument of Midas. The city Midas is often called “the Turkish Marcahuasi” for its similarity with the corresponding “city” of gigantic stone carvings in the North of Peru. The distance from Gazligol to Yazilikaya and so many other scattered here places, where megalithic constructions, rock city-fortresses and various underground structures are preserved, is about 25-40km. During daylight time it is possible to visit 2-3 large archeological objects, showed on the maps (almost all of them are cited on the road signs along the way). Near the roads we regularly encountered other noteworthy objects – “rock” tombs and exotic jagged rock fortresses (also noted on the road signs)

We were pleasantly surprised by the large number and the quality of the roads, which connect the settlements of the Phrygian valley. Asphalted, almost always “empty”, with magnificent sceneries along the way, they lure the researchers deep into its territory. Fortunately for us, asphalted roads are not laid to all the mapped historic landmarks – otherwise we would have never seen the vehicle tracks of the Neogene period.

Fields of petrified stone tracks on the ancient planation surface (peneplain)

Some good earth roads lead up to the several mapped archeological objects of the Phrygian valley, which you can use by a regular car. Once following such a road and moving further inland to study the rock cities, buttes and bas-reliefs of Aslankai near the city Dodger, we decided to keep going until we reach the nearest village, where the asphalted road begins. At first everything looked “smooth and fine”. But with every hundred meters the road became worse and worse, its ruts – deeper and deeper. Gradually the road divided into two, some new ruts appeared along the way. They were so deep that it was impossible to move through on a passenger car (Fiat Linea). Looking for the ways to bypass the obstacles, we stepped out of the car and gaped at what was surrounding us. The road ruts, that we witnessed, in reality represented the petrified tires’ tracks left on the common here whitish (light-beige) tuffaceous rocks.

In some of my articles I will call the paired parallel tire ruts as “roads”, even though that is not correct. Almost everywhere we have seen a single set of vehicle tracks, and only occasionally the same ruts were used two or more times.

Tracks were numerous. They continued parallel to each other, went semicircular (like a fan), crossed and doubled. All the ruts were rather deep (15-35 cm), clear, with traces of tires without treads and seldom of landing axis and had everywhere the same width between the wheels, typical of modern cars (we partially followed one such “road”, that matches the modern one, until its ruts became too deep). All this did not leave any doubts regarding the fact, that these roads were used by cars or all-terrain vehicles, most likely six-wheeled, when the ground was in a soft and wet condition.

The measurements of the vehicle tracks

The distance from the left end of the rut to the right is about 150 – 160 centimeters, depending on wear and rotation angle.

The width of one rut is 35 cm on the upper side of the road clearance and 23 cm on the lower edge of the wheel.

The height of one such rut varies roughly from 10 cm to 1 m, most commonly from 15 – to 35 cm.

The width of the road clearance line is not defined; there are no indications of it being damaged by suspension or bottom of the car.

The height from the wheel basis up to the scratches of the landing axis in its most deep track is 42 ±1 cm. The height of the scratches is 24 cm. The height of the most visible straight (rolled) part over the scratch is 46 cm, the width between the tallest straight parts is about 185 cm.

The protruding part of the axis was not rotating because its physical contacts with the ground remained as a group of parallel scratches; one can trace every scratch from start to finish.

The wheels construction kept in mind the protruding part not “catching” the ground – otherwise it would have been made some protection and the scratches would have been more elegant (a group of scratches tell us that the protrusion part, most likely, was soiling itself and the ground was getting stuck in it).

The idea about the six wheels (or about a very short vehicle, in which the wheels are situated next to each other) is based on the rotation and wheels height characteristics:

- If the wheel was that high (it must have been around 1 m), then by its rotation a rather lengthy vehicle would be leaving characteristic marks on the side of the “road”, opposite to the rotation direction – thus, it was either a short vehicle (2,2 meters wide, with the wheels’ height up to 1 meter), or it was a longer vehicle with a big number of wheels that form an even curve while rotating, e.g. – armored personnel carrier.

The measurements were made by A. Kuznetsov.

Read more about the technical characteristics of vehicle tracks and defining its origins in the work of A. Kuznetsov (see link below).

How long ago did the vehicles cruise around the Phrygian valley?

How long did that happen? How many years ago were there cars or all-terrain vehicles in the Phrygian valley?

Two years ago I studied the similar rocks in Cappadocia, located approximately 200km South of Phrygian valley (Underground and rock cities of Cappadocia (Turkey); Who and when built the underground and rock cities in Cappadocia (Turkey)?) There they were possibly of Neogenic age (middle Miocene or early Pliocene) 14-4 million years ago. That is why I suggested (and was supported by all the members of our research group) that these were vehicle tracks, that were driving here in the Neogene period.

The very first conducted examination of the tracks immediately confirmed that. All the ruts were petrified and for the most part covered with a thick layer of weathering. The tracks distribution area was full of fractures and cracks. Secondary minerals developed in many of the cracks. Google Earth photographs show very good, how in various parts of the Phrygian valley the vehicle tracks are overlapped by the loose quaternary sediments. After witnessing all that we had no doubts that these stone auto roads (the fact that these tracks were left by cars or all-terrain vehicles was out of the question) are many million years old. One could have used them already in Neogene or even in the earlier times. Nothing interfered with that.

Further examination of the territory around the roads showed, that it represents an ancient planation surface (peneplain) – in other words – an unique piece of well-preserved ancient land with small volcanoes, brook valleys and other elevations and cavities. Rather long did we search for the human footprints, unfortunately, we did not find anything at that time. But then we stumbled upon a smaller petrified rut, strikingly similar to the track of a motorcycle, jagged with narrow parallel stripes, very similar to the footpaths, slopes.

In the evening in the hotel, A. Kuznetsov, while browsing through Google Earth, saw several other big fields of stone roads not far from the area, where we first encountered the beginning of these vehicle tracks. The next day we examined two such fields in the same tuffaceous rocks. One of the fields situated near the primary road and was followed by a couple of tourist signs. To be honest, we did not fully understand, where these signs were pointing to – to the petrified vehicle tracks or to the nearby stone quarries. Most likely, the second.

The age of the petrified vehicle tracks – middle Miocene (14 – 12 mln. Years)

After returning to Moscow and studying the made during the expedition photographs, I also saw the fragments of similar petrified vehicle tracks or ancient auto roads in other parts of Phrygian valley, including the “city” of Midas near the village Yazilikaya. I immediately tried to define their age. That was not an easy task to complete. Judging by the number of presented on the internet materials in English (no such information available in Russian), the geology of the Phrygian valley is studied extremely poorly. I managed to get in the Mineral Research & Exploration General Directorate of Turkey just one geological map of this territory with the scale 1:500000, made in 2002 by Nehati Turhan. I did not encounter any other geological maps or links to them with a higher scale (1:250000, 1:100000). The situation with publications was not significantly better. I came across just several articles and reports regarding the archeology of the Phrygian valley, where there were some chapters on geology, and a magnificent work by by C. Akal with co-authors about the examination of volcanogenic formations near the Afyon.

Based on these maps and publications one can conclude, that the studied petrified vehicle tracks developed either in the early-mid Miocenic continental pyroclastic (tuffaceous) rocks, or, most likely, in the continental pyroclastic and clastic (fragmental) mid-late Miocenic rocks. The ground the vehicles were driving on, was loose and wet around 23,0 – 5,3 million years ago, most probably, 15,9 – 5,3 million years ago. The “roads” have the same age respectively.

One can determine more accurately the age of the vehicle tracks only after getting the geological maps with the scale 1:250000 and 1:100000 (if they exist at all) or after carrying out the determination of the absolute age of the rocks. Unfortunately, as was said, I did not find the maps with such a scale, and the determination of the absolute age is rather costly task for us (those explorers, who carry out their researches at own expenses).

Perhaps, more accurate age of the rocks, containing the ruts, was given by the C. Akal with co-author in their work (Cuneyt Akal, Cahit Helvacı, Dejan Prelevic´, Paul van den Bogaard. High-K volcanism in the Afyon region, western Turkey: from Si-oversaturated to Si-undersaturated volcanism/Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) (2013) 102:435–453), There researchers date the well developed here (Kirka – Aphiyon – Ispartan volcanic belt) volcanogenic formations of trachiandesitic, tephriphonolitic, lamproitic origin, that are getting into the exit fields of the pyroclastic rocks of early-mid and mid-late Miocenic age on the geological map of Turkey (1:500000), by the middle Miocene (15,9 – 11,6 million years ago) and show the results of the identification of the absolute age of the rocks – (14 – 12 million years). In absence of any better suggestion, accept the discussed age of the auto roads in the Phrygian valley as the base working hypothesis.

It looks like no one before us took seriously into consideration the ancient age of the stone “roads” of the Phrygian valley. There is no information about it in tourist guides or peoples’ reports, who were visiting that region. The local residents and occasional travelers who are getting the most probably consider these “roads” of modern age or do not pay any attention to them at all.

In the work of Yasemin Ozarslan regarding the archeology of Phrygian valley, presented by him while joining the postgraduate course of sociology under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Geoffrey D. Summers at Middle East Technical University in Ankara (Yasemin Ozarslan. The cultic landscapes of Phrygia. Middle East Technical University, Assist. Prof. Dr. Geoffrey D. Summers, 2010), it is mentioned that all that are the ancient Roman roads. This assumption was based on “The Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World” made by Richard Tablerd and published by Princeton university in 2000. The Atlas, that includes the topographic maps with the scales 1:500000 and 1:10000000, shows the geography of Ancient Asia, Europe, and Northern Africa from the times of Ancient Greeks up until the late antique times (till 550 B.C. – 640 A.C). Interestingly enough, later on Y. Ozarslan makes a conclusion, the stone roads (he calls the petrified vehicle tracks as roads) were used in Ancient Phrygia (II millennium B.C.) and earlier.

Our studies showed that the petrified vehicle tracks were not used (with rare exceptions) after they had been rolled.

A wide development of petrified vehicle tracks in Central Turkey

According to the schemes (2010) presented by Y. Ozarslan, similar (to the examined) stone roads are widely spread on all the territory of the Phrygian valley from the city Eskisehir up to the city Afyon. This is also supported by the photographs of this area (from Google Earth).

The connection between the petrified vehicle tracks and the megalithic and underground constructions. Wars and Catastrophes of the Neogenic period.

The research, carried out by Y. Ozarlslan, concerning the confinedness of megalithic and underground constructions, including the built “elvish cities” on rock- and mountain tops, to the ancient “roads”, raises curiousity. He did not see a clear interdependency in their location, however, despite that assumption, he did suggest that there might had been connections between them in the past. Some “elvish cities” (Deliktash Kale and others) are located within 500 meters of the “roads”.

In conjunction with our study of vehicle tracks we carried out a research about the megalithic and underground constructions of the Phrygian valley, included into the previously singled out Neogenic underground-terrestrial megalithic complex, as well as published reconstructions on the history of the Earth and mankind in the Miocene (the book Battles of the ancient Gods, 2011 and some of its chapters: early-mid Miocenic catastrophe (15,9 million years ago) – churning of the ocean by Gods and demons; the middle Miocenic catastrophe (13 million years ago) – the establishment of the world authority of Hiranyakasipu; mid-late Miocenic catastrophe (11,6 million years ago) – the murder of Hiranyakasipu and the establishment of Indra’s world authority; 3 late Miocenic catastrophes – three wars for world supremacy between Prahlada and Indra; the Great Hunger and wars between gods and demons at the end of early Miocene; the history of the Earth from mid Miocene till the birth of Jesus Christ – world repartition wars) further contribute to the plausibility of aforementioned suggestion. According to the made reconstructions, after the early-mid Miocenic catastrophe (15,9 million years ago) that marked the appearance of the new world and mankind, the lifespan of humans and other sentient beings decreased from 10000 years to 1000. Their development rate increased so rapidly that in various parts of the Earth appeared densely populated countries and cities, waging wars on one another. There were at least 7 world wars and catastrophes in the Neogene period that destroyed the previous civilizations.

The most dreadful and devastating catastrophes happened at the boundaries between the early and the middle Miocene (15,9 million years ago) and between the Miocene and Pliocene (5,3 million years ago). At that time on Earth there were extremely powerful tectonic shifts with earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods, the surface of the planet was covered with impenetrable darkness (especially long in the early Miocene). Some weaker, but similar in its consequences catastrophes were taking place in all other culminating periods of the Neogene. It is no wonder that the suggestion, supported by ancient tales of all the folks, that the survived during all these conflicts people were hiding from the raging fires and massive floods on Earth underground. This explains a large number of underground settlements in the Phrygian valley and Cappadocia and the wide presence of coatings and soot on the walls and ceilings of these underground constructions and on the floor – calcigerous sediments with oscillation ripples and the absence of any rock dumps in the surrounding area (look through my reports on the examinations of underground constructions in Israel and Turkey). Moreover, according to our own researches and the data by Y. Orzaslan, most of the megalithic and underground settlements in Phrygia (roughly 80% according to Y. Orzaslan) are located in the highest parts of relief – between the absolute marks of 1100 and 1367 m), what can be explained by the increased sea level after one or more floods. Quite possible, that the discovered “roads” have their ruts so deep just because the scouts of the survived after the catastrophe people, while looking for the new settlements or disentombing the houses of those survivals, hiding underground, were furrowing the wet ground on their cars (all-terrain vehicles?) and were getting stuck in it. Likely that is why we did not find any human footprints there. It was too dangerous to walk on the non-dried soil.

At the very least there were one more explanation regarding the reasoning behind the needs of ancient resident of the Phrygian valley to build well-fortified rock fortresses and underground cities inside the mountains. In the Miocene Earth was full of many-handed many-headed giants, whose height averaged more than 5-6 meters. In the Indian tales they are named Rackshasas, Nairits, in the Greek mythology – Hecatoncheires (hundred-handed). In abundance there were also various dragons (Luns in the Chinese mythology) and orthograde, flying or crawling reptilians (Vievichs in the Slavic mythology, Nagas in the indian Veda).

In conclusion. The stone “roads” of Phrygian valley can not be of ancient Phrygian, ancient Roman, or ancient Greek origin. They exist since Neogene

A fascinating story, which does not play around the perception of the world history we got used to in schools and universities, does it? Nevertheless, everything described here is the truth. You can travel to the Phrygian valley and study these petrified vehicle tracks yourself or at least look at them through Google Earth. In this case, there is a high probability that the forces, that are keep trying to hide our true heritage, will not be able to interfere with that – the ancient “roads” encompass too large of a territory, just as the Neogenic underground-terrestrial megalithic complex. As a matter of fact, the Phrygian settlements (II – I millennium B.C.) pose no more than “miserable patches” on it, by far not the first and not the last, and look as a work of savage artisans in comparison to the filigree work of the ancient architects, possessing unknown to us technologies of stone carving, that built the megalithic and underground constructions, and, most probably, cruised around the entire Phrygian valley on their cars.

Finally, I will bring one more point in favour of the Neogenic age of the “roads” for the most hard-core sceptics. The fact that these roads in the Phrygian valley are not of modern origin is acknowledged by the scientists of Middle East Technical University in Ankara and of Princeton University in the USA. Let’s think over it, could these be constructed in the rimes of Ancient Rome or even Ancient Phrygia (i.e. to be paved in the II millennium B.C.)

Of course not! Every single one of you almost certainly saw the alluvial (river) and fluvio-glacial (icy, glacial) sediments of the Quaternary period. They include Holocene and Pleistocene formations, dated from the modern times to the 2,5 million years of age and represent loose lithified (consolidated) sediments. We are dealing with extremely tough lithified (petrified) sediments, covered with a thick layer of weathering, that takes millions of years to develop, full of multiple cracks with newly developed minerals in them, which could only emerge in periods of high tectonic activity. Last such period occurred, to say the least, 12 thousand years ago, most likely, even earlier. Apart from that, loose quaternary sediments overcover the stone “roads”.

***

After finishing the article and providing sufficient evidence regarding the existence of highly-developed civilization in the Neogenic period in it, at the same time I am sure that it will not appear on the mainstream media or academic publications. Those forces that still define what is and is not allowed to know, will not let it happen. That is why I would like to address to all the independent publishers that are interested in telling people the truth, to reprint and announce this article on their resources. Especially due to the fact that similar stone “roads” in the Miocenic and Pliocenic sediments are widely developed on Malta. They are also present in Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Abkhazia, Armenia, Crimea, Mexico, Brasil, USA, and other contries.

It is hard to say as to why our true heritage is being hidden from us. But I am convinced, that if people discover the truth about the highly developed civilizations of the distant past and destructive world wars, that brought to an end their kingdoms, they will do their best to stop the modern arms race and environmental destruction and will find peaceful ways to the wellbeing and prosperity of all the Earth’s population.

As it turned out after finishing this article, there was a conference on the 20-22 March, 2014 in Ankara called (PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION Roads and Routes in Anatolia from Prehistory to Seljuk Times) What had been discussed there confirmed our fears expressed two paragraphs above. Without a reasonable basis, with disregard to the geological and experimental data, the studied by us roads were labeled as ancient roads, used by loaded carts in the historic time.

As a further supporting and proving evidence of that take a look at the preview report by Geoffrey Summers, University of Mauritius: Humps along the Way: Routes, Roads and Transport on the Anatolian Plateau in the Iron Age.

"On the elevated and mountainous Anatolian plateau wheeled vehicles moved along LBA roads. In the 12th century the Hittite Empire collapsed. When new city states emerged out of the ‘Dark Age’ the geography had changed, as had the scale of trade. Because libraries full of tablets are not found on the plateau we have only the evidence of archaeology in the Neo-Hittite and Phrygian kingdoms. Roads there must have been, for armies moved across the plateau while mountains and springs were venerated. Major routes were confined by geography; valleys, passes and river crossings. Physical evidence for these roads is, however, very sparse so that such evidence as there is for Neo-Hittite and Phrygian roads can be briefly summarized. Another approach considers what moved along roads and how it was transported. The larger part of this paper concentrates on a review of textual and pictorial evidence for transport in the Persian period, with a particular focus on the employment of camels for both war and trade. It is concluded that the Persian period ushered in radical differences in the method of large-scale transport of heavy or bulky loads across the plateau. This parallels the well-known introduction of organized post horses along the Royal Road".

Have a look at many photos of petrified vehicle tracks in the article of 2014: “Roads of the Neogene time (Phrygian valley, Turkey)” and “The Neogenic planation surface of Phrygian valley (Turkey)”, and more recent, 2015: “Roads of the Neogene time (Phrygian valley, Turkey). Continuation” (7 pages)

Read an article by my fellow expedition partner A. Kuznetsov “Phrygian valley. Campfire by the roadside (Turkey, 2014)”

The sectionr “Remains of Disappeared Civilizations”

Everyone is welcomed to join further discussions of this material on the forum (topic – Auto roads of the Neogene period (Anatolia, Turkey))

We, A. Koltypin the authors of this work, and P Zhurko, the translator of this work, give permission to use this for any purpose except prohibited by applicable law, on condition that our authorship and hyperlink to the site http://earthbeforeflood.com is given.

Have a look at many photos of stone ruts of the Crimea "Petrified traces of the wheels in the Paleogene limestones of Crimea" and read my new article "Stone Crimea rut - dirt roads of the Neogene period"